Hare i



2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

T. ROGERS.

HARROW.

No. 352,983. Patented Nov. '23. .1886

N. Pains. Fham-Lilllognphef, Washingiom D. a

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

T. ROGERS; HARROW.

. No. 352,983. J Patented Nov. 23, 1886.

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UNITED STATE PATENT OFFICE.

TIMOTHY ROGERS, OF SPRINGFIELD, OHIO, ASSIGNOR, BY DIRECT AND MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO B. G. CONVERSE, OF SAME PLACE.

HARROW.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 352,983, dated November 23,1886.

Application filed March 19, 1885.

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be itknown that I, TIMOTHY RoeERs, a citizen of the United States, residing at Springfield, in thecounty of Clark and State of Ohio,

haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Harrows; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact descrip-- tion ofthe invention, such as will enable others skilled in the artto which it appertains .to

make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to theletters and figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

My invention relates to improvements in harrows.

. My invention relates to barrows made in sections, flexibly connected, and adapted to fold together, and provided with runners to support the harrow when folded. The sections 2c are operated by a hand-lever.

My invention consists in improvements in the several parts of the harrow and the means of operating it, which are set forth and described in the specification, and are more particularly pointed out in the claims.

Figure 1 is a top view of a three-section harrow embodying my improvements. 2 is an end elevation of the same, with the middle section elevated entire above the plane of the outside or wing sections. Fig. 3 is also an end view of the harrow shown in Figs. 1 and 2, with one of the wing-sections raised. Fig. etisa vertical longitudinal section through line :0, Fig. 1, the runners and their. connec- 5 tionsbeing removed. Inthis view the reversibility of the hand-lever is shown in dotted lines, also the inclination of the barrow-teeth, caused by drawing the implement in an opposite direction. Fig. 5 is an enlarged detail of one of theharrow-teeth, aportion of the beam, and the tooth-holder pivoted to the latter, in side elevation. Fig. 6 is a top View of the same. Fig. 7 is a view of the same in line with the beam, the latter being shown in cross- 5 section. Fig. 8 is an enlarged view of the hinge-connection, and shows the supportingupright of the fulcrum-bar and a portion of the latter. into its supporting position. Fig. 9 is an end view of the latter, looking from left to right, and shows the operation of the device for lock- Serial No. 159,500.

Fig. I

It also shows the runner locked.

(No model.)

I ing the runners when the latter are thrown down to the position for supporting the harrow The locking-dog is shown thrown upward in dotted lines, as when the runners are 5 5 released for folding. Fig. 10 is a longitudinal section of the hingezrod and a vertical section of its washers and nut. Fig. 11 is a cross-section through line :0, Fl 1, and shows a side elevation of the pivoted buttonbar Which supports the runners when folded,with a crosssection of the latter, and of the center beam of the middle sectionon which the button-bar is pivoted.

My improved harrow is constructed wholly 6 5 of metal. The sections are preferably of rectangular form, as seen in the top view, Fig. 1. The beams are of a single bar each, and are connected by tie-beams constructed of pipesections, and a rod extends through these, through the beams between them, and through the lower portion of the hinge, which is also a pipe in a single piece with thelatter and on a line with the other sections of the tie-beam. The ends of the rod are threaded and the 7 5 whole are clamped firmly together by nuts. The middle section of the harrow has pivoted thereto a pair of runners which fold up be; tween the beams when not in use. When released, they swing down by their own gravity to a vertical or supporting position, and are automatically locked by a pivoted dog. The hinges have long vertically-slotted eyes,which, instead of being in part below the plane of the harrow, are wholly above it. This prevents all danger from trash catching on the'hinges and obstructing the proper operation of the harrow. The handzlever, unlike that used in harrows of this class, extends only to the center of the middle section or aboutthat point. Its end is attached to the middle of a chain extending across the section from one side beam to the other. The fulcrum of the lever is abar extending from one wing-section to the other over the middle section, and is en- 5 tirely disconnected from the latter. By depressing the lever the whole middle section can be elevated to a sufficient height to clear stumps or stones and to free it from trash. Both the hand-lever and itsfulcrum-bar can Ico be used on opposite sides (or ends) of the harrow, the former being reversible and the latter Q sass detachable. The teeth of the harrow are secured in a tooth-holder inclosing the beam and pivoted to the same, which allows them to be vertical or inclined, according to the direction in which the harrow is drawn.

A is the middle section of my improved harrow, which is hinged by hinges A to the wing-sections B, on either side of the same.

a a a are the longitudinal beams, which are made of a single bar of iron each and are arranged in parallel order and in any desired number in each section. By preference, bars of about one and ahalf inch in width and about one-half inch in thickness are used for the beams a a a.

Tie-beams a a on the outside sections and a a on the middle section form the end rails ofeach. Thesetie-beamsandthelowerportion of each hinge-section, as seen in Fig. 8, are

hollow, and a rod, a extends through them and the beams re a, and is secured at the ends by anut. At the point where the end of the hinge-section abuts against the beam a, is an overlapping flange, f, on the upper and under side of the end of the hinge-section, which straddles the beam at and strengthens this part of the harrow-frame.

On the inside of the tie-beams a a", near the outside beams of section A, is a stud, h, projecting inward at both ends of the latter, and runners F F are pivoted thereon. The outer end of the stud is threaded and secures the runner end. The bow part ofthe runner folds up over the end of a button-bar, f, pivoted on the top of the central beam near the middle of the latter.

To prevent the runners from slipping off or the bar f from rotation, the ends on m of the latter are turned up at right angles, as seen in the figures. The runners lie on barf, above the harrow-frame, so as to be out of the way of trash.

By reference to the enlarged detail, Fig. 11, the construction of the bar f and its position can be better understood. In Fig. l the movement given to bar f to allow the runners F F to be placed thereon or released therefrom is shown in the circular dotted lines, the ends of the bar being turned toward the middle beam until the runners are raised above the ends m m of the bar when the latter is turned to the position required. A pivot-bolt or stud, O,

secures the bar f on the top of the beam.

When it is desired to drop the runners down from the folded position seen in Figs. 1, 2 and 11 to the supporting position seen in Figs. 3, 8 and 9, they are released from barf, and swing downward to a perpendicular, and at the same time the ends 8, extending beyond the pivots h, raise a dog, 9, (seen pivoted by one end to'the inner side of each of the side rails of section A near their respective ends,) and when the runner-bar strikes the depending lug is on the tiebeam at, as seen in Figs. 8 and 9, the dog 9 falls back into the position to lock the runner between the end of the latter and the side beam. Before folding the harrow the entire middle section, A, is raised to the position seen in Fig. 2, which allows the runners to be swung down or unfolded, as before described. The middle section, A, is elevated by the hand-lever 0, which consists of a lever of convenient length, and extends from the middle of chain b, which latter extends from one side beam to the other across section A, near the middle of the same. This chain is loose enough to allow the lever to be manipulated easily and to be inclined sufficiently to make its free end, which extends over the fulcrunrbar D, convenient for the operator. By bearing down on lever O the middle section, A, can be easily raised entirely above the .plane of the two ringsections B B. The long vertical slots H in the hinges allow their pivot-rods b b to be raised with section A. As these rods are formed of a pipe-section inclosing a rod, 1*, as seen in Fig. 10, and are loosely pivoted in the hinge-sections b and I), they roll within the slots when being raised or lowered. The sections 1) of the hinges A, which are at tached to the wing-sections B, differ from those on the middle, section, A, in having an upright, (I, cast on the top, outside of and in line with the eyeportion. These uprights are higher than the eye part and have a cleft in the top end, in which the ends of the fulcrumbar D rest. A pin, 19, extends through the upright and through a longitudinal slot, d, in each end of the bar D, to allow the wingsection B to be raised, as seen in Fig. 3. As the upright d is inclined inward by the movement, the pinp slides along the slot d toward its inner end, without materially changing the position of the bar D or its relation to the sections B and B, supporting it. Chains c and c extend from each side of lever G to the outside beams of the wing-sections, and the latter are elevated with ease. lever G is connected with ring 1' at the middle of chain b by a clevis, e, (seen in Figs. 1, 3, and 4.) this ring now becomes the fulcrum, and the distance from the point 19 where the chains 0 c are attached, to the ring 0' at the fulcrum end is so short that much less power is required than if the lever extended the entire length of section A and was fulcrunied on the front end in the usual manner. In the lat- IFS As the end of IIO ter case it could not be used to raise the entire middle section, nor could it be reversed, as seen in Fig. 4. In reversing the draft of the harrow the pins 1) are removed from the uprights d and fulcrum-bar D lifted out and put in the tops of the uprights on the opposite ends of sections B B, lever O reversed, as seen in Fig. 4, and the harrow drawn from left to right, causing teeth t i to incline, as shown by the dotted lines in this figure.

The tooth-holder I consists of the two rectangular frames, z" and 13", cast in a single piece, the former with a vertical opening for the tooth z, and the latter with a horizontal opening at right angles to the former, and inclosing the beam bar a. Extending from the tooth-holder on the same side with the toothframe 1', alongside of the'beam, is a flat lug,n, through the end of which a pivot-bolt, 1), passes through the beam a, securing the toothholder thereto. This may be either a bolt or rivet. In the latter case it will be introduced through the lug nand riveted on the opposite V sidejust enough to keep it in place and to allow the tooth-holder I to move freely thereon.

By reference to Figs. 6 and-7' it will be noticed that on the side of the part 2 next to the tooth 1) there is a triangular groove, 6, which fits over the angle of the tooth and gives the latter an extended bearing and a more firm support than it would have in the frame '6 alone. In Fig. 7 the spacej at the top-of the inclosing-fr'ame i shows the inner surface at the upper end of the opening as inclined or beveled, the latter being shorter at one end of the frame than at the other, and allowing the frame to assume the position seen in dotted lines, Fig. 5, when the tooth is inclined. Harrow-teeth pivoted to the beams so as to be antomatically inclined by drawing the harrow in the direction opposite to that in which they operate vertically are not new, but in barrows of this class the teeth are usually pivoted between two beambars, and require a tooth and engages the angle of the tooth on that side,

and it can be readily adjusted in depth or removed for sharpening.

bination of the longitudinal beams, the tubu lar tie-beam sections, and the hinges, the latter being formed with a transverse vertical slot in each hinge-section, and cast in a single piece with the hollow bar in line with the other sections of the tie-beams, whereby they may be attached to and made a part of said tie-beams, as set forth.

4. In hinges for connecting the sections of a barrow-frame, the combination, with the wing-' sections of said hinges, of an upright or support for afulcrum-bar extending over the mid dle section, and having its ends resting on said wing-sections, as set forth.

5. In a hinged harrow, a hand-lever with the end pivoted at or near the center of the main or middle section and extending beyond the end of the latter, and a fulcrum-bar for said hand-lever having its ends resting on the wing -sections and extending over said middle section, wherebythe latter may be wholly elevated above the plane of said wing-sections by means of said hand-lever and fulcrum-bar, as set forth.

6. In a harrow of the class described, a fulcrum-barsupported over the middle section by the wing-sections, and a hand-lever extending across said fulcrum-bar and having its end pivotally attached over the center of-said middle section," whereby the latter-may be wholly elevated, said hand-lever being reversible to adapt it for operating the harrow from either end, as set forth.

7. In a three-section harrow with flexiblyconnected sections and operated by a handlever, andchains connecting the latter with said sections, of the wing-sections having uprights or supports thereon, a fulcrum-bar extending'over the middle section and resting on said uprights or supports, with longitudinallyslotted ends engaging a cleft in the top of the latter, and a pin extending through the upright and slot in said fulcrum-bar, whereby either wing-section may be elevated without materially changing the position of said fulcrum-bar, as set forth.

8. In a harrow with fiexibly-connected sections, the combination, with the middle section, of a chain connecting its side beams, a

hand-leverpivotally attached to said chain, a

fulcrum-bar for said hand-lever over said middle section, but disconnected therefrom, and the wingsections supporting said fulcrum-bar, whereby said middle section may be elevated entire without inclining or tilting the same.

9. In a hinged harrow, the combination of the wing-sections with uprights thereon, a fulcrum-bar extending from one wingsection to the other over the middle section and resting on said uprights, with means for allowing said uprights to move on said fulcrum-bar without detaching the latter therefrom, and a handlever pivoted at or near the center of said middle section, with chains connecting the ICO IlO

same with the wing-sections, whereby the latter may be operated from either end of the 'harrow by reversing said lever and changing said fulcrum-bar to the opposite side. 10. In a hinged harrow, the combination of a hand-lever and a fulcrum-bar with their connections as means for elevating the middle '11. In a harrow, the combination, with the end beams, of the main section having studs thereon, the longitudinal runners pivoted on the latter, whereby they may be folded between the beams, a pivoted bar on the middle beam securing said runners on its respective ends when folded, and a device for automatically locking said runners when dropped to an erect position, as set forth.

12. In a folding harrow, the combination, with the middle section, of runners having their ends loosely pivoted at the respective ends of said section on the inside of the beams to allow them to fold upward and inward between the latrer and in line therewith, a device on the middle beam to hold said runners in a folded position, with means to release them therefrom, a locking device at the pivotal ends of said runners to arrest them at the point of support as they are unfolded, and to secure them in an erect position.

13. I11 a harrow, the combination of the f ame, the ru nners pi voted thereto and adapted to fold up between the beams or in the same plane therewith, means for arresting said runners at the point of support, and a pivoted dog operating automatically to lock said runners in an upright position.

14. In a harrow, the combination, with the main section, of the runners having their ends pivoted to the front and rear of said section, respectively, near} the outer beams to allow them to be folded upward and inward toward the middle beam, whereby they may be supported near the line of the latter by a bar thereon, and to allow them, when released, to swing downward and outward to an erect position beneath said outer beams to support the harrow, as set forth.

15. In a harrow'frame, the combination of the longitudinal beams, the tie-beams connecting the latter, the hinge-section having its lowerportion cast hollow and forming a part of said tie-beams, and a rod extending through the whole and secured by nuts on the ends of the same,as set forth.

16. In a harrow-frame, the combinatioinwith the pipe-sections, the longitudinal beam, and the rod for tyingthe latter together, of the hinge-section cast with a pipe forming a part of the tie'beam and having the horizontal flanges on the inner end engaging said longitudinal beam, as and for the purpose hereinbefore set forth.

17. .In a reversible harrow composed of the three flexibly-connected sections, a lever flexibl y attached to the main section,having chains connecting it with the side sections, said lever and the chains connecting it with said side sections being adapted to be freely and simultaneously reversed in their relative positions to operate the harrow when the draft is reversed.

18. In a harrow with flexibly-connected sections adapted to be drawn in either direction, a lever pivoted over-the main section and having chains connecting it with the side sections, said lever being adapted to be moved from side to side to operate said side sect-ions up and down to operate the main section, and free to be reversed or thrown to the opposite end of said harrow without disconnecting its attachments, for the purpose set forth.

19. In a harrow with flexibly-connected sections, a lever pivotally supported over the main or middle section, chains connecting said lever with sections on either side of the latter to manipulate them, said lever being free to be reversed from one end of the harrow to the other without disconnecting said chains, and adapted to operate said main or middle section and the side sections in like manner from either end when the draft of the harrow is reversed.

20. In a harrow consisting of the three flexibly-connected seotions,of a series of toothholders pivotally attached to the frame-bars of said sections to allow the teeth to be shifted from a vertical to an inclined position in accordance with the draft, a hand-lever pivoted over said frame and connected by chains with the sections, said hand-lever being adapted to be reversed or changed to the opposite end in reversing the draft, and a detachable fulcrumbar supporting said hand-levcr, adapted to be changed to the opposite end of the harrow with the reversible hand-lever. I

21. In a three-section reversible harrow, a reversible hand-lever pivoted over the middle section, chains connecting said hand-lever with the outside sections, and a fulcrum'bar for supporting said hand-lever removably attached to said outside sections to allow it to be changed to the opposite end of the harrow at the same time the hand-lever is reversed, as and for the purpose set forth.

22. In a flexibly-connected harrow, the combination, with the hinges having the long vertical slots and the harrow-sections, of the tubular rod b loosely inclosing rod 1", whereby said pivotrod is allowed to roll in said slots easily in manipulating the harrow-secti0ns.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

TIMOTHY ROGERS.

Vitnesses:

B. G. CONVERSE, J. WV. STAYMAN.

ICO 

